Infrardeča fotografija
Infrardeča fotografija je posebna fotografska tehnika, pri kateri zajemamo svetlobo v infrardečem delu elektromagnetnega spektra, torej zunaj vidnega območja človeškega očesa. Fotoaparat beleži svetlobo, ki jo predmeti odbijajo ali oddajajo v infrardečem območju, kar omogoča povsem drugačen pogled na znano okolje.
Elektromagnetni spekter sega od gama in rentgenskih žarkov do mikrovalov in radijskih valov. Človeško oko zaznava le ozek pas – vidni spekter. Poleg njega obstajajo še ultravijolična, infrardeča in druga valovanja, ki se uporabljajo v znanosti, medicini, komunikacijah in astronomiji.
Infrardeča fotografija je znana po izrazitih kontrastih, nenavadnih teksturah in svetlih rastlinskih površinah, saj listje močno odbija infrardečo svetlobo. Zaradi teh lastnosti se pogosto uporablja v krajinski in arhitekturni fotografiji, pa tudi v znanstvenih in forenzičnih raziskavah.
Za fotografiranje v infrardečem spektru potrebujemo prilagojen fotoaparat. Običajni fotoaparati imajo pred senzorjem IR/UV filter, ki to svetlobo blokira. Za resno IR fotografijo je ta filter treba odstraniti (poseg naj opravi pooblaščeni servis). Na objektiv se nato namesti IR filter, ki blokira vidno svetlobo in prepušča le infrardečo.
V fotografiji se najpogosteje uporabljajo IR filtri z mejami 680 nm, 720 nm, 760 nm, 850 nm in 950 nm. Filtri s krajšo valovno dolžino omogočajo še del barvnega zapisa, medtem ko daljše valovne dolžine ustvarjajo zelo kontrastne črno-bele podobe.
Infrared Photography
Infrared photography is a specialized photographic technique that captures light in the infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum, beyond the range visible to the human eye. The camera records infrared radiation reflected or emitted by objects, revealing a world that appears very different from everyday visual perception.
The electromagnetic spectrum extends from gamma rays and X-rays to microwaves and radio waves. Human vision is limited to a narrow band known as the visible spectrum. Beyond it lie ultraviolet and infrared radiation, widely used in science, medicine, communication technologies, and astronomy.
Infrared photography is known for its strong contrasts, unusual textures, and bright vegetation, as plant leaves reflect infrared light very efficiently. These characteristics make it especially popular in landscape and architectural photography, as well as in scientific and forensic applications.
To photograph in the infrared spectrum, a modified camera is required. Standard digital cameras contain an internal filter that blocks infrared and ultraviolet light. For true infrared photography, this filter must be removed by a professional service, and an infrared filter is then mounted on the lens to block visible light.
In photography, infrared filters typically range from 680 nm to 950 nm. Shorter wavelengths retain some color information, while longer wavelengths produce high-contrast black-and-white images.